PHD2 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (R1510-40)

UNIPROT #

Q9GZT9

PROTEIN NAME

PHD2

SYNONYMS

C1ORF12 antibody;Chromosome 1 Open Reading Frame 12 antibody;DKFZp761F179 antibody;ECYT 3 antibody;ECYT3 antibody;EGL 9 homolog of C. elegans 1 antibody;EGL nine (C.elegans) homolog 1 antibody;Egl nine homolog 1 (C. elegans) antibody;Egl nine homolog 1 antibody;Egl nine like protein 1 antibody;EGLN 1 antibody;Egln1 antibody;EGLN1_HUMAN antibody;HIF PH2 antibody;HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 antibody;HIF-PH2 antibody;HIF-prolyl hydroxylase 2 antibody;HIFP4H 2 antibody;HIFPH2 antibody;HPH 2 antibody;HPH-2 antibody;HPH2 antibody;Hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 2 antibody;Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 2 antibody;ORF13 antibody;P4H2 antibody;PHD 2 antibody;PhD2 antibody;PNAS 118 antibody;PNAS 137 antibody;Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Containing Protein 2 antibody;Prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 antibody;Rat Homolog of SM20 antibody;SM 20 antibody;SM-20 antibody;SM20 antibody;Zinc finger MYND domain containing protein 6 antibody;ZMYND6 antibody

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

According to PubMed:11056053, widely expressed with highest levels in skeletal muscle and heart, moderate levels in pancreas, brain (dopaminergic neurons of adult and fetal substantia nigra) and kidney, and lower levels in lung and liver. According to PubMed:12351678 widely expressed with highest levels in brain, kidney and adrenal gland. Expressed in cardiac myocytes, aortic endothelial cells and coronary artery smooth muscle. According to PubMed:12788921; expressed in adult and fetal heart, brain, liver, lung, skeletal muscle and kidney. Also expressed in placenta. Highest levels in adult heart, brain, lung and liver and fetal brain, heart spleen and skeletal muscle.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

S-nitrosylation inhibits the enzyme activity up to 60% under aerobic conditions. Chelation of Fe(2+) has no effect on the S-nitrosylation. It is uncertain whether nitrosylation occurs on Cys-323 or Cys-326.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoplasm, Nucleus

FUNCTION

Prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins HIF PHD1, HIF PHD2 and HIF PHD3 (known as PHD1, PHD2 and PHD3 in rodents, respectively) can hydroxylate HIF-α subunits. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a transcriptional regulator important in several aspects of oxygen homeostasis. The prolyl hydroxylases catalyze the posttranslational formation of 4-hydroxyproline in HIF-α proteins. HIF PHD1, which is widely expressed, with highest levels of expression in testis, functions as a cellular oxygen sensor and is important in cell growth regulation. HIF PHD1 can localize to the nucleus or the cytoplasm and is also detected in hormone responsive tissues, such as normal and cancerous mammary, ovarian and prostate epithelium. HIF PHD1 is encoded by EGLN2, which maps to chromosome 19q13.3. HIF PHD2 is regarded as the main cellular oxygen sensor, as RNA interference against HIF PHD2, but not HIF PHD1 or HIF PHD3, is enough to stabilize HIF-1α in normoxia. HIF PHD2, a direct HIF target gene, is expressed mainly in skeletal muscle, heart, kidney and brain.