Histone H2B Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [SD20-63] (ET1612-25)

UNIPROT #

O60814

PROTEIN NAME

Histone H2B

SYNONYMS

H2B GL105 antibody;H2B histone family member O antibody;H2B histone family member S antibody;H2B.1 antibody;H2B.1 B antibody;H2B.b antibody;H2B.c antibody;H2B.d antibody;H2B.e antibody;H2B.f antibody;H2B.j antibody;H2B.q antibody;H2B/b antibody;H2B/c antibody;H2B/d antibody;H2B/e antibody;H2B/f antibody;H2B/j antibody;H2B/o antibody;H2B/q antibody;H2BFB antibody;H2BFC antibody;H2BFD antibody;H2BFE antibody;H2BFF antibody;H2BFJ antibody;H2BFO antibody;H2BFQ antibody;H2BFS antibody;HIRIP2 antibody;HIST1H2BB antibody;HIST1H2BD antibody;HIST1H2BH antibody;HIST1H2BL antibody;HIST1H2BM antibody;HIST1H2BN antibody;HIST2H2BE antibody;Histone H2B antibody;Histone H2B type 1 B antibody;Histone H2B type 1 D antibody;Histone H2B type 1 H antibody;Histone H2B type 1 L antibody;Histone H2B type 1 M antibody;Histone H2B type 1 N antibody;Histone H2B type 2 E antibody;histone protein antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the histone H2B family.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-121 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons.; Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (By similarity). Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation. Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination.; GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity).; Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Nucleus, Chromosome.

FUNCTION

Eukaryotic histones are basic and water soluble nuclear proteins that form hetero-octameric nucleosome particles by wrapping 146 base pairs of DNA in a left-handed super-helical turn sequentially to form chromosomal fiber. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form the octamer; formed of two H2A-H2B dimers and two H3-H4 dimers, forming two nearly symmetrical halves by tertiary structure. Over 80% of nucleosomes contain the linker Histone H1, derived from an intronless gene, that interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and mediates compaction into higher order chromatin. Histones are subject to posttranslational modification by enzymes primarily on their N-terminal tails, but also in their globular domains. Such modifications include methylation, citrullination, acetylation, phosphorylation, sumoylation, ubiquitination and ADP-ribosylation.