beta 2 Microglobulin Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [PSH12-14] (HA723430)

UNIPROT #

P61769

PROTEIN NAME

beta 2 Microglobulin

SYNONYMS

B2M antibody;B2MG_HUMAN antibody;Beta 2 microglobin antibody;Beta 2 microglobulin antibody;Beta 2 microglobulin precursor antibody;Beta chain of mhc class 1 proteins antibody;Beta chain of MHC class I molecules antibody;Beta-2-microglobulin form pI 5.3 antibody;CDABP0092 antibody;Hdcma22p antibody;IMD43 antibody

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Secreted, Cell surface.

FUNCTION

β2 microglobulin also known as B2M is a component of MHC class I molecules, MHC class I molecules have α1, α2, and α3 proteins which are present on all nucleated cells (excludes red blood cells). In humans, the β2 microglobulin protein is encoded by the B2M gene. β2 microglobulin associates not only with the alpha chain of MHC class I molecules, but also with class I-like molecules such as CD1 (5 genes in humans), MR1, the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), and Qa-1 (a form of alloantigen). Nevertheless, the β2 microglobulin gene is outside of the MHC (HLA) locus, on a different chromosome. An additional function is association with the HFE protein, together regulating the expression of hepcidin in the liver which targets the iron transporter ferroportin on the basolateral membrane of enterocytes and cell membrane of macrophages for degradation resulting in decreased iron uptake from food and decreased iron release from recycled red blood cells in the MPS (mononuclear phagocyte system) respectively. Loss of this function causes iron excess and hemochromatosis. In cytomegalovirus infection, a viral protein binds to β2 microglobulin, preventing assembly of MHC class I molecules and their transport to the plasma membrane.