Glutaminase Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [SN68-09] (ET1611-5)

UNIPROT #

O94925

PROTEIN NAME

Glutaminase

SYNONYMS

AAD20 antibody;DKFZp686O15119 antibody;FLJ10358 antibody;GAC antibody;GAM antibody;GLS antibody;GLS1 antibody;GLSK_HUMAN antibody;Glutaminase C antibody;Glutaminase kidney isoform antibody;Glutaminase phosphate activated antibody;K-glutaminase antibody;KGA antibody;KIAA0838 antibody;L-glutamine amidohydrolase antibody;mitochondrial antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the glutaminase family.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are detected in brain cortex. Isoform 3 is highly expressed in astrocytoma, ganglioglioma and ependymoma. Isoform 1 is highly expressed in brain and kidney, but not detected in liver. Isoform 3 is highly expressed in heart and pancreas, detected at lower levels in placenta, lung, pancreas and kidney, but is not detected in liver. Isoform 2 is expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Synthesized as a 74-kDa cytosolic precursor which is proteolytically processed by the mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP) via a 72-kDa intermediate to yield the mature mitochondrial 68- and 65-kDa subunits.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoplasm, Mitochondrion.

FUNCTION

Glutamine is an important molecule involved in several cellular functions, including nitrogen and carbon transport, hepatic urea synthesis, renal ammoniagenesis, and gluconeogenesis. Glutamine is catabolized by either the liver-type (LGA) or kidney-type (KGA) glutaminase. KGA is mitochondrial specific protein whose expression in kidney is increased during metabolic acidosis. This process is mediated by an 8-base AU-sequence in KGA that functions as a pH-response element. The human KGA gene maps to chromosome 2, and produces three isoforms, designated KGA, GAC, and GAM, by alternative splicing. KGA is synthesized as a cytosolic protein that is transported to the mitochondria as an intermediate protein, and is further cleaved into the KGA isoform and the GAC isoform. The processing of the GAM isoform is unclear. The KGA isoform is abundant in brain and kidney, while the GAC isoform is principally expressed in cardiac muscle and pancreas. The GAM isoform is solely expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle.