Phospho-PKR (T446) Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [SY230] (ET1607-20)

UNIPROT #

P19525

PROTEIN NAME

Phospho-PKR (T446)

SYNONYMS

Double stranded RNA activated protein kinase; antibody;E2AK2_HUMAN antibody;eIF-2A protein kinase 2 antibody;EIF2AK1 antibody;EIF2AK2 antibody;Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2 antibody;Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2 antibody;HGNC:9437 antibody;Interferon induced double stranded RNA activated protein kinase antibody;Interferon inducible elF2 alpha kinase antibody;Interferon inducible RNA dependent protein kinase antibody;Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase antibody;Interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase antibody;MGC126524 antibody;P1/eIF-2A protein kinase antibody;P1/eIF2A protein kinase antibody;p68 kinase antibody;PKR antibody;PPP1R83 antibody;PRKR antibody;Protein kinase interferon inducible double stranded RNA dependent antibody;Protein kinase RNA activated antibody;Protein kinase RNA-activated antibody;Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 83 antibody;Serine/threonine protein kinase TIK antibody;Tyrosine protein kinase EIF2AK2 antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GCN2 subfamily.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Highly expressed in thymus, spleen and bone marrow compared to non-hematopoietic tissues such as small intestine, liver, or kidney tissues. Colocalizes with GSK3B and TAU in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain. Elevated levels seen in breast and colon carcinomas, and which correlates with tumor progression and invasiveness or risk of progression.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Autophosphorylated on several Ser, Thr and Tyr residues. Autophosphorylation of Thr-451 is dependent on Thr-446 and is stimulated by dsRNA binding and dimerization. Autophosphorylation apparently leads to the activation of the kinase. Tyrosine autophosphorylation is essential for efficient dsRNA-binding, dimerization, and kinase activation.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoplasm, Nucleus.

FUNCTION

An interferon-inducible, RNA-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, PKR has various designations. Mouse PKR is known as DAI, dsJ, PI kinase, p65, p67 or TIK, whereas human PKR is known as p68 or p69. PKR phosphorylates its substrate, a subunit of protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 on Ser 51 to inhibit translation. PKR contains two dsRNA binding motifs required for its activation by dsRNA. Three kinds of regulation of PKR enzymatic activity occur, and these include transcriptional regulation in response to interferon, an autoregulatory mechanism controlling PKR expression at the level of translation, and posttranslational regulation by RNA mediated autophosphorylation. Human PKR contains at least 15 autophosphorylation sites, but only Thr-446 and Thr-451 in the activation loop are critical for its kinase activity. Thr-446 is the in vivo autophosphorylation site of PKR. Mutation of threonine to alanine at position 446 substantially reduces PKR function, and mutant kinase containing Ala-451 is completely inactive.