GCN2 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JA03-83] (ET1704-68)

UNIPROT #

Q9P2K8

PROTEIN NAME

GCN2

SYNONYMS

E2AK4_HUMAN antibody;Eif2ak4 antibody;Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 alpha kinase 4 antibody;Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4 antibody;GCN2 antibody;GCN2 eIF2alpha kinase antibody;GCN2 like protein antibody;GCN2-like protein antibody;KIAA1338 antibody;MGCN2 antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GCN2 subfamily.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Widely expressed. Expressed in lung, smooth muscle cells and macrophages.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Autophosphorylated; autophosphorylation on Thr-899 is increased upon amino acid starvation and in UV irradiation cells and inhibited in presence of IMPACT.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoplasm.

FUNCTION

The family of stress-responsive protein kinases include HRI (heme-regulated inhibitor or EIF2AK1), PKR (EIF2AK2 or TIK), PERK (EIF2AK3) and GCN2 (EIF2AK4). These proteins phosphorylate the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) on Ser 51 to regulate general and gene-specific protein synthesis. Phosphorylated eIF2α acts as an inhibitor of its guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B. GCN2, a unique eIF2α kinase, exists in all eukaryotes from yeast to mammals. In mammals, expression of GCN2 is highest in liver and brain tissues. GCN2 primarily initiates the phosphorylation of eIF2α in response to UV, but has been shown to increase phosphorylation activity in response to serum starvation. Also, substitution of Asp 83 for Ala on eIF2α results in impaired phosphorylation by GCN2 and PKR, suggesting a contribution of remote residues to kinase-substrate recognition.