ULK1 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (ER1706-73)

UNIPROT #

O75385

PROTEIN NAME

ULK1

SYNONYMS

ATG 1 antibody;ATG1 antibody;ATG1 autophagy related 1 homolog antibody;ATG1A antibody;Autophagy related protein 1 homolog antibody;Autophagy-related protein 1 homolog antibody;FLJ38455 antibody;FLJ46475 antibody;hATG1 antibody;KIAA0722 antibody;Serine/threonine protein kinase ULK1 antibody;Serine/threonine protein kinase Unc51.1 antibody;Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 antibody;ULK 1 antibody;ULK1 antibody;ULK1_HUMAN antibody;Unc 51 (C. elegans) like kinase 1 antibody;UNC 51 antibody;Unc 51 like kinase 1 antibody;Unc-51 like kinase 1 (C. elegans) antibody;Unc-51-like kinase 1 antibody;UNC51 antibody;UNC51, C. elegans, homolog of antibody;Unc51.1 antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Ubiquitously expressed. Detected in the following adult tissues: skeletal muscle, heart, pancreas, brain, placenta, liver, kidney, and lung.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated under nutrient-rich conditions; dephosphorylated during starvation or following treatment with rapamycin. Under nutrient sufficiency, phosphorylated by MTOR/mTOR, disrupting the interaction with AMPK and preventing activation of ULK1 (By similarity). In response to nutrient limitation, phosphorylated and activated by AMPK, leading to activate autophagy.; Acetylated by KAT5/TIP60 under autophagy induction, promoting protein kinase activity.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytosol.

FUNCTION

ULK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ULK1 gene. Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase (ULK1/2) are two similar isoforms of an enzyme that in humans are encoded by the ULK1/2 genes. It is specifically a kinase that is involved with autophagy, particularly in response to amino acid withdrawal. Ulk1/2 is an important protein in autophagy for mammalian cells, and is homologous to ATG1 in yeast. It is part of the ULK1-complex, which is needed in early steps of autophagosome biogenesis. The ULK1 complex also consists of the FAK family kinase interacting protein of 200 kDa (FIP200 or RB1CC1) and the HORMA (Hop/Rev7/Mad2) domain-containing proteins ATG13 and ATG101. ULK1, specifically, appears to be the most essential for autophagy and is activated under conditions of nutrient deprivation by several upstream signals which is followed by the initiation of autophagy. However, ULK1 and ULK2 show high functional redundancy; studies have shown that ULK2 can compensate for the loss of ULK1. Nutrient dependent autophagy is only fully inhibited if both ULK1 and ULK2 are knocked out.