Beta Catenin Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [A6-F8] (EM0306)

UNIPROT #

P35222

PROTEIN NAME

Beta Catenin

SYNONYMS

β Catenin;Beta catenin antibody;Beta-catenin antibody;Cadherin associated protein antibody;Catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa antibody;Catenin beta 1 antibody;Catenin beta-1 antibody;CATNB antibody;CHBCAT antibody;CTNB1_HUMAN antibody;CTNNB antibody;CTNNB1 antibody;DKFZp686D02253 antibody;FLJ25606 antibody;FLJ37923 antibody;OTTHUMP00000162082 antibody;OTTHUMP00000165222 antibody;OTTHUMP00000165223 antibody;OTTHUMP00000209288 antibody;OTTHUMP00000209289 antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the beta-catenin family.

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Expressed in several hair follicle cell types: basal and peripheral matrix cells, and cells of the outer and inner root sheaths. Expressed in colon. Present in cortical neurons (at protein level). Expressed in breast cancer tissues (at protein level).

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Phosphorylation at Ser-552 by AMPK promotes stabilizion of the protein, enhancing TCF/LEF-mediated transcription (By similarity). Phosphorylation by GSK3B requires prior phosphorylation of Ser-45 by another kinase. Phosphorylation proceeds then from Thr-41 to Ser-37 and Ser-33. Phosphorylated by NEK2. EGF stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation. Phosphorylation on Tyr-654 decreases CDH1 binding and enhances TBP binding. Phosphorylated on Ser-33 and Ser-37 by HIPK2 and GSK3B, this phosphorylation triggers proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylation on Ser-191 and Ser-246 by CDK5. Phosphorylation by CDK2 regulates insulin internalization. Phosphorylation by PTK6 at Tyr-64, Tyr-142, Tyr-331 and/or Tyr-333 with the predominant site at Tyr-64 is not essential for inhibition of transcriptional activity.; Ubiquitinated by the SCF(BTRC) E3 ligase complex when phosphorylated by GSK3B, leading to its degradation. Ubiquitinated by a E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing UBE2D1, SIAH1, CACYBP/SIP, SKP1, APC and TBL1X, leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinated and degraded following interaction with SOX9 (By similarity).; S-nitrosylation at Cys-619 within adherens junctions promotes VEGF-induced, NO-dependent endothelial cell permeability by disrupting interaction with E-cadherin, thus mediating disassembly adherens junctions.; O-glycosylation at Ser-23 decreases nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and increases localization to the plasma membrane and interaction with E-cadherin CDH1.; Deacetylated at Lys-49 by SIRT1.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Cell junction, Cell membrane, Cytoskeleton, Synapse.

FUNCTION

Catenin beta-1, also known as beta-catenin (β-catenin), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNB1 gene. Beta-catenin is a dual function protein, involved in regulation and coordination of cell–cell adhesion and gene transcription. In humans, the CTNNB1 protein is encoded by the CTNNB1 gene. In Drosophila, the homologous protein is called armadillo. β-catenin is a subunit of the cadherin protein complex and acts as an intracellular signal transducer in the Wnt signaling pathway. It is a member of the catenin protein family and homologous to γ-catenin, also known as plakoglobin. Beta-catenin is widely expressed in many tissues. In cardiac muscle, beta-catenin localizes to adherens junctions in intercalated disc structures, which are critical for electrical and mechanical coupling between adjacent cardiomyocytes. Mutations and overexpression of β-catenin are associated with many cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, lung cancer, malignant breast tumors, ovarian and endometrial cancer. Alterations in the localization and expression levels of beta-catenin have been associated with various forms of heart disease, including dilated cardiomyopathy. β-catenin is regulated and destroyed by the beta-catenin destruction complex, and in particular by the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein, encoded by the tumour-suppressing APC gene. Therefore, genetic mutation of the APC gene is also strongly linked to cancers, and in particular colorectal cancer resulting from familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).