CD44 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [A7-1] (EM010805)

UNIPROT #

P16070

PROTEIN NAME

CD44

SYNONYMS

LHR antibody;BA-1 antibody;CD 44 antibody;CD44 antibody;CD44 antigen antibody;CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) antibody;CD44 molecule antibody;CD44_HUMAN antibody;CDw44 antibody;Cell surface glycoprotein CD44 antibody;chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 8 antibody;CSPG8 antibody;ECMR-III antibody;Epican antibody;Extracellular matrix receptor III antibody;GP90 lymphocyte homing/adhesion receptor antibody;HCELL antibody;hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand antibody;Heparan sulfate proteoglycan antibody;Hermes antigen antibody;homing function and Indian blood group system antibody;HSA antibody;HUTCH-I antibody;HUTCH1 antibody;Hyaluronate receptor antibody;IN antibody;INLU-related p80 Glycoprotein antibody;MC56 antibody;MDU2 antibody;MDU3 antibody;MGC10468 antibody;MIC4 antibody;MUTCH1 antibody;PGP-1 antibody;PGP-I antibody;PGP1 antibody;Phagocytic glycoprotein 1 antibody;Phagocytic glycoprotein I antibody;Soluble CD44 antibody

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Isoform 10 (epithelial isoform) is expressed by cells of epithelium and highly expressed by carcinomas. Expression is repressed in neuroblastoma cells.

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE

Expressed in the developing retina between 16 and 19 weeks post-conception, specifically in the outer neuroblastic zone, inner neuroblastic zone, interphotoreceptor zone and the retinal pigment epithelium (at protein level).

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Proteolytically cleaved in the extracellular matrix by specific proteinases (possibly MMPs) in several cell lines and tumors.; N-glycosylated.; O-glycosylated. O-glycosylation contains more-or-less-sulfated chondroitin sulfate glycans, whose number may affect the accessibility of specific proteinases to their cleavage site(s). It is uncertain if O-glycosylation occurs on Thr-637 or Thr-638.; Phosphorylated; activation of PKC results in the dephosphorylation of Ser-706 (constitutive phosphorylation site), and the phosphorylation of Ser-672.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cell membrane

FUNCTION

The CD44 antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell–cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded by the CD44 gene on chromosome 11. CD44 has been referred to as HCAM (homing cell adhesion molecule), Pgp-1 (phagocytic glycoprotein-1), Hermes antigen, lymphocyte homing receptor, ECM-III, and HUTCH-1. CD44 participates in a wide variety of cellular functions including lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, hematopoiesis, and tumor metastasis. CD44 is a receptor for hyaluronic acid and can also interact with other ligands, such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). CD44 function is controlled by its posttranslational modifications. One critical modification involves discrete sialofucosylations rendering the selectin-binding glycoform of CD44 called HCELL (for Hematopoietic Cell E-selectin/L-selectin Ligand). Transcripts for this gene undergo complex alternative splicing that results in many functionally distinct isoforms; however, the full length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. Alternative splicing is the basis for the structural and functional diversity of this protein, and may be related to tumor metastasis. Splice variants of CD44 on colon cancer cells display sialofucosylated HCELL glycoforms that serve as P-, L-, and E-selectin ligands and fibrin, but not fibrinogen, receptors under hemodynamic flow conditions pertinent to the process of cancer metastasis. CD44 gene transcription is at least in part activated by beta-catenin and Wnt signalling (also linked to tumour development).