Histone H2A.Z Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [ST46-09] (ET1609-23)

UNIPROT #

P0C0S5

PROTEIN NAME

Histone H2A.Z

SYNONYMS

Histone H2A.Z;H2A/z;H2az1;H2afz;H2az

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the histone H2A family.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Monoubiquitination of Lys-122 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression.; Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8, Lys-12 and Lys-14 by KAT2A; KAT2A is recruited by the XPC complex in absence of DNA damage. Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8 and Lys-12 during interphase; acetylation disappears at mitosis (By similarity).; Monomethylated on Lys-5 and Lys-8 by SETD6. SETD6 predominantly methylates Lys-8, lys-5 being a possible secondary site.; Not phosphorylated.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Nucleus, Chromosome, Nucleosome core.

FUNCTION

Histone H2A.Z is a protein that in humans is encoded by the H2AFZ gene. Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. The H2AFZ gene encodes a replication-independent member of the histone H2A family that is distinct from other members of the family. Studies in mice have shown that this particular histone is required for embryonic development and indicate that lack of functional histone H2A leads to embryonic lethality. Histone H2AZ is a variant of histone H2A, and is used to mediate the thermosensory response, and is essential to perceive the ambient temperature. Nucleosome occupancy of H2A.Z decreases with temperature, and in vitro assays show that H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes wrap DNA more tightly than canonical H2A nucleosomes in Arabidopsis. Positioning of H2A.Z containing nucleosomes around transcription start sites has now been shown to affect the downstream gene expression.