PEMT Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (HA500557)

UNIPROT #

Q61907

PROTEIN NAME

PEMT

SYNONYMS

PEAMT antibody;PEMPT antibody;PEMT antibody;PEMT_HUMAN antibody;PEMT2 antibody;phosphatidylethanolamine N methyltransferase antibody;Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase antibody;PNMT antibody

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Mitochondrion membrane.

FUNCTION

The PEMT enzyme converts phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to phosphatidylcholine (PC) via three sequential methylations by S-adenosyl methionine (SAM). The enzyme is found in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria-associated membranes. It accounts for ~30% of PC biosynthesis, with the CDP-choline, or Kennedy, pathway making ~70%. PC, typically the most abundant phospholipid in animals and plants, accounts for more than half of cell membrane phospholipids and approximately 30% of all cellular lipid content. The PEMT pathway is therefore crucial for maintaining membrane integrity. PC made via the PEMT pathway can be degraded by phospholipases C/D, resulting in the de novo formation of choline. Thus, the PEMT pathway contributes to maintaining brain and liver function and larger-scale energy metabolism in the body. PC molecules produced by PEMT-catalyzed methylation of PE are more diverse, and tend to contain longer chain, polyunsaturated species and more arachidonate, whereas those produced via the CDP-choline pathway are typically composed of medium-length, saturated chains. A major pathway for hepatic PC utilization is secretion of bile into the intestine. PEMT activity also dictates normal very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion by the liver. PEMT is also a significant source and regulator of plasma homocysteine, which can be secreted or converted to methionine or cysteine.