Aromatase Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JM10-68]

Function

P450 enzymes constitute a family of monooxygenase enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of a wide array of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. P450 enzymes can be classified, based on their sequence similarities, into distinct subfamilies, which include CYP1A and CYP2A. Other P450 family members include CYP19, also designated aromatase (P450arom), which catalyzes the conversion of C19 steroids to estrogens in various tissues, including placenta, gonads, adipose tissue, skin and brain. CYP19 expression is controlled by hormonally regulated promoters in different tissues and increased CYP19 activity is associated with familial gynecomastia. Also, a polymorphic allele of CYP19 (repeat (TTTA)12) is present in a majority of breast cancer patients. P450 cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, CYP7A1, is the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis in the liver, and its expression is mediated by the bile acid receptor FXR. CYP27A1 catalyzes vitamin D3 25-hydroxylation and is localized to the mitochondria in kidney and liver.

Background References

1. Khan KN et al. Occult microscopic endometriosis: undetectable by laparoscopy in normal peritoneum. Hum Reprod 29:462-72 (2014).

2. Ren J et al. Estrogen upregulates MICA/B expression in human non-small cell lung cancer through the regulation of ADAM17. Cell Mol Immunol N/A:N/A (2014).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed, including in adult and fetal brain, placenta, skin fibroblasts, adipose tissue and gonads.

Post-translational Modification

Phosphorylated in vitro by PKA and PKG/PRKG1. These phosphorylations inhibit the catalytic activity as measured by estrone synthesis from androstenedione (36% decrease for PKA and 30% for PKG/PRKG1).

Subcellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Microsome membrane.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P11511 Human

SwissProt: P22443 Rat

Synonyms