GLUD1 (glutamate dehydrogenase 1) is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme, one of the family of glutamate dehydrogenases that are ubiquitous in life, with a key role in nitrogen and glutamate (Glu) metabolism and energy homeostasis. This dehydrogenase is expressed at high levels in liver, brain, pancreas and kidney, but not in muscle. In the pancreatic cells, GLUD1 is thought to be involved in insulin secretion mechanisms. In nervous tissue, where glutamate is present in concentrations higher than in the other tissues, GLUD1 appears to function in both the synthesis and the catabolism of glutamate and perhaps in ammonia detoxification.
Background References
1. Piot L et al. GluD1 binds GABA and controls inhibitory plasticity. Science. 2023 Dec
2. Wang L et al. GLUD1 suppresses renal tumorigenesis and development via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Front Oncol. 2022 Sep
Wash buffer: 1× TBST Blocking: 10% normal goat serum + 1% Triton X-100 + 0.3 M Glycine in TBST, 30 minutes at room temperature.
Primary antibody: HA722392, 1/1,000, overnight at 4℃. Secondary antibody: Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (iFluor™ 488, HA1121), 1.5 hours at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of GLUD1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-GLUD1 antibody (HA722392) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HepG2 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: Human liver tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 3: Mouse liver tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 4: Rat liver tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 5: Mouse brain tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 6: Rat brain tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 61 kDa Observed band size: 50 kDa
Exposure time: 30 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA722392) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Application: Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P)
Species: Human Tissue: Cerebellum Sample: Paraffin-embedded section
Wash buffer: 1× TBST Endogenous peroxidase blocking: 3% H₂O₂, 10 minutes at room temperature. Blocking: 1% BSA + 10% normal goat serum, 10 minutes at room temperature. Primary antibody: HA722392, 1/2,000, 1 hour at room temperature. Secondary antibody: HA1119, 20 minutes at room temperature.
Immunocytochemistry analysis of HepG2 cells labeling GLUD1 with Rabbit anti-GLUD1 antibody (HA722392) at 1/500 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-GLUD1 antibody (HA722392) at 1/500 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (M1305-2, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
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