Huntington disease is associated with the expansion of a polyglutamine tract, greater than 35 repeats, in the HD gene product huntingtin. HIP1 (huntingtin-interacting protein 1), a membrane-associated protein, binds specifically to the N-terminus of human huntingtin. HIP1 is ubiquitously expressed in different brain regions at low levels, and exhibits nearly identical subcellular fractionation as huntingtin. The huntingtin-HIP1 interaction is restricted to the brain and is inversely correlated to the polyglutamine length in the huntingtin, suggesting that loss of normal huntingtin-HIP1 interaction may compromise the membrane-cytoskeletal integrity in the brain. HIP1 contains an endocytic multidomain protein with a C-terminal Actin-binding domain, a central coiled-coil forming region and an N-terminal ENTH domain. HIP1 may be involved in vesicle trafficking; the structural integrity of HIP1 is crucial for maintenance of normal vesicle size in vivo. HIP12 is a non-proapoptotic member of the HIP gene family that is expressed in the brain and shares a similar subcellular distribution pattern with HIP1. However, HIP12 differs from HIP1 in its pattern of expression at both the mRNA and protein level. HIP12 does not directly interact with huntingtin but can interact with HIP1.
Background References
1. Wanker EE et al. HIP-I: a huntingtin interacting protein isolated by the yeast two-hybrid system. Hum Mol Genet 6:487-495 (1997).
2. Hackam AS et al. Huntingtin interacting protein 1 induces apoptosis via a novel caspase-dependent death effector domain. J Biol Chem 275:41299-41308 (2000).
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the SLA2 family.
Tissue Specificity
Ubiquitously expressed with the highest level in brain. Expression is up-regulated in prostate and colon cancer.
Western blot analysis of Hip1 on HCT 116 cell lysates with Mouse anti-Hip1 antibody (EM1901-04) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 116 kDa Observed band size: 116 kDa
Exposure time: 3 minutes; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (EM1901-04) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1006) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
ICC staining of Hip1 in SH-SY5Y cells (green). Formalin fixed cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in TBS for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with 1% Blocker BSA for 15 minutes at room temperature. Cells were probed with the primary antibody (EM1901-04, 1/50 dilution) for 1 hour at room temperature, washed with PBS. Alexa Fluor®488 Goat anti-Mouse IgG was used as the secondary antibody at 1/100 dilution. The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue).
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat brain tissue using anti-Hip1 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (EM1901-04, 1/200 dilution) for 30 minutes at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Counter stained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon cancer tissue using anti-Hip1 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with primary antibody (EM1901-04, 1/200 dilution) for 30 minutes at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Counter stained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate cancer tissue using anti-Hip1 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with primary antibody (EM1901-04, 1/200 dilution) for 30 minutes at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Counter stained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue using anti-Hip1 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with primary antibody (EM1901-04, 1/200 dilution) for 30 minutes at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Counter stained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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