The phosphorylation of proteins at tyrosine residues has long been recognized as an important regulatory component of signal transduction. This is a reversible process, involving both enzymes that phosphorylate proteins on tyrosine residues as well as a rapidly expanding family of protein tyrosine phosphatases. These latter enzymes bear little resemblance to either the protein serine and protein threonine phosphatases or to the acid and alkaline phosphatases. In most tissues, the major PTPase is a vanadate- and molybdate-sensitive protein. On the basis of sequence analysis, PTP1B (PTPase 1B) expressed in human placenta exhibits similarities both with the common leukocyte antigen (CD45) and with LAR, a homolog of the neural adhesion molecule (NCAM). PTP1B is synthesized as a 435 amino acid precursor protein which is cleaved to generate the active 321 amino acid enzyme.
Background References
1. Weidmann MD et al. Mena(INV) dysregulates cortactin phosphorylation to promote invadopodium maturation. Sci Rep 6:36142 (2016).
2. Borges Bde C et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B contributes to LPS-induced leptin resistance in male rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 308:E40-50 (2015).
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class 1 subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in keratinocytes (at protein level).
Post-translational Modification
Oxidized on Cys-215; the Cys-SOH formed in response to redox signaling reacts with the alpha-amido of the following residue to form a sulfenamide cross-link, triggering a conformational change that inhibits substrate binding and activity. The active site can be restored by reduction.; Ser-50 is the major site of phosphorylation as compared to Ser-242 and Ser-243. Activated by phosphorylation at Ser-50.; S-nitrosylation of Cys-215 inactivates the enzyme activity.; Sulfhydration at Cys-215 following endoplasmic reticulum stress inactivates the enzyme activity, promoting EIF2AK3/PERK activity.
Western blot analysis of PTP1B on different lysates with Rabbit anti-PTP1B antibody (ET1701-90) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HAP1-parental cell lysate Lane 2: HAP1-PTP1B KD cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 50 kDa Observed band size: 50 kDa
Exposure time: 2 minutes; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET1701-90) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in primary antibody dilution (K1803) at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of PTP1B on different lysates with Rabbit anti-PTP1B antibody (ET1701-90) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HCT 116 cell lysate Lane 2: HeLa cell lysate Lane 3: Jurkat cell lysate Lane 4: MCF7 cell lysate Lane 5: HepG2 cell lysate Lane 6: A549 cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 50 kDa Observed band size: 50 kDa
Exposure time: 25 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET1701-90) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of PTP1B on different lysates. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% BSA in PBS for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET1701-90, 1/500) was used in 5% BSA at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1:200,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature. Positive control: Lane 1: Zebrafish tissue lysate Lane 2: MCF-7 cell lysate Lane 3: HepG2 cell lysate Lane 4: A431 cell lysate
ICC staining of PTP1B in Hela cells (green). Formalin fixed cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in TBS for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with 1% Blocker BSA for 15 minutes at room temperature. Cells were probed with the primary antibody (ET1701-90, 1/50) for 1 hour at room temperature, washed with PBS. Alexa Fluor®488 Goat anti-Rabbit IgG was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue).
ICC staining of PTP1B in MCF-7 cells (green). Formalin fixed cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in TBS for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with 1% Blocker BSA for 15 minutes at room temperature. Cells were probed with the primary antibody (ET1701-90, 1/50) for 1 hour at room temperature, washed with PBS. Alexa Fluor®488 Goat anti-Rabbit IgG was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue).
ICC staining of PTP1B in HepG2 cells (green). Formalin fixed cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in TBS for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with 1% Blocker BSA for 15 minutes at room temperature. Cells were probed with the primary antibody (ET1701-90, 1/50) for 1 hour at room temperature, washed with PBS. Alexa Fluor®488 Goat anti-Rabbit IgG was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue).
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue using anti-PTP1B antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ET1701-90, 1/50) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Flow cytometric analysis of PTP1B was done on Raji cells. The cells were fixed, permeabilized and stained with the primary antibody (ET1701-90, 1/50) (red). After incubation of the primary antibody at room temperature for an hour, the cells were stained with a Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution for 30 minutes.Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
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