Phospho-AKT1 (S129) Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JE59-50]

Function

The serine/threonine kinase Akt family contains several members, including Akt1 (also designated PKB or RacPK), Akt2 (also designated PKBβ or RacPK-βb) and Akt 3 (also designated PKBγ or thyoma viral proto-oncogene 3), which exhibit sequence homology with the protein kinase A and C families and are encoded by the c-Akt proto-oncogene. All members of the Akt family have a pleckstrin homology domain. Akt1 and Akt2 are activated by PDGF stimulation. Activation is dependent on PDGFR-β Tyr residues 740 and 751, which bind the subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) complex. Activation of Akt1 by Insulin or Insulin-growth factor-1(IGF-1) results in phosphorylation of both Thr 308 and Ser 473. Phosphorylation of both residues is important to generate a high level of Akt1 activity. The phosphorylation of Thr 308 is not dependent on phosphorylation of Ser 473 in vivo. Thus, Akt proteins become phosphorylated and activated in Insulin/IGF-1-stimulated cells by an upstream kinase(s). The activation of Akt1 and Akt2 is inhibited by the PI kinase inhibitor wortmannin, suggesting that the protein signals downstream of the PI kinases.

Background References

1. Lv P et al. Treatment with the herbal medicine, naoxintong improves the protective effect of high-density lipoproteins on endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes. Mol Med Rep 13:2007-16 (2016).

2. Xu L et al. MicroRNA-7-regulated TLR9 signaling-enhanced growth and metastatic potential of human lung cancer cells by altering the phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3/Akt pathway. Mol Biol Cell 24:42-55 (2013).

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Membrane, Nucleus.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P31749 Human

SwissProt: P31750 Mouse

SwissProt: P47196 Rat

Synonyms