Neuregulin 3 also known as NRG3 is a neural-enriched member of the neuregulin protein family which in humans is encoded by the NRG3 gene.[5][6] The NRGs are a group of signaling proteins part of the superfamily of epidermal growth factor; EGF like polypeptide growth factor. These groups of proteins possess an 'EGF-like domain' that consists of six cysteine residues and three disulfide bridges predicted by the consensus sequence of the cysteine residues.
Direct ligand for the ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptor. Binding results in ligand-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the receptor. Does not bind to the EGF receptor, ERBB2 or ERBB3 receptors. May be a survival factor for oligodendrocytes.
Background References
1. Zhang D et al. Neuregulin-3 (NRG3): a novel neural tissue-enriched protein that binds and activates ErbB4. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:9562-9567 (1997).
2. Carteron C et al. Characterization of a neural-specific splicing form of the human neuregulin 3 gene involved in oligodendrocyte survival. J. Cell Sci. 119:898-909 (2006).
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the neuregulin family.
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed in most regions of the brain with the exception of corpus callosum. Expressed at lower level in testis. Not detected in heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, ovary, small intestine, colon and peripheral blood leukocytes.
Post-translational Modification
Proteolytic cleavage close to the plasma membrane on the external face leads to the release of the soluble growth factor form.; Extensive glycosylation precedes the proteolytic cleavage (By similarity). Isoform 3 is glycosylated.
Western blot analysis of NRG3 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-NRG3 antibody (ET7109-98) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: SH-SY5Y cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: C6 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 3: Mouse brain tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 78 kDa Observed band size: 50 kDa
Exposure time: 2 minutes; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET7109-98) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat testis tissue using anti-NRG3 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ET7109-98, 1/200) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue using anti-NRG3 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ET7109-98, 1/50) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Flow cytometric analysis of NRG3 was done on F9 cells. The cells were fixed, permeabilized and stained with Carcino Embryonic Antigen CEA antibody at 1/100 dilution (red) compared with an unlabelled control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black). After incubation of the primary antibody on room temperature for an hour, the cells was stained with a Alexa Fluor™ 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG Secondary antibody at 1/500 dilution for 30 minutes.
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