PGAM1 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JE40-67]

Function

Members of the PGAM (phosphoglycerate mutase) family of proteins are important components of glucose and 2,3-BPGA (2,3-bisphosphoglycerate) metabolism. They are responsible for catalyzing the transfer of phospho groups between the carbon atoms of phosphoglycerates. In mammals there are two types of PGAM isozymes: PGAM1 (also known as PGAMB) and PGAM2 (also known as PGAMA). In the cell, PGAM1 and PGAM2 exist as either homodimers or heterodimers and are responsible for the interconversion of 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycerate. PGAM2 homodimers are expressed in skeletal muscle, mature sperm cells and heart; PGAM1 homodimers are found in most other tissues; and PGAM1/PGAM2 heterodimers are found exclusively in the heart. PGAM4, also known as PGAM3, is a protein formerly considered to be specific to humans. Initially the PGAM4 gene was described as a pseudogene but it is now known to encode a functional protein at least 25 million years old. The gene encoding PGAM4 is believed to have originated by retrotransposition, with the original copy being the PGAM1 gene.

Background References

1. Wang Y et al. Crystal structure of human B-type phosphoglycerate mutase bound with citrate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 331:1207-1215 (2005).

2. Hitosugi T et al. Tyr26 phosphorylation of PGAM1 provides a metabolic advantage to tumours by stabilizing the active conformation. Nat Commun 4:1790-1790 (2013).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family. BPG-dependent PGAM subfamily.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in the liver and brain. Not found in the muscle.

Post-translational Modification

Acetylated at Lys-253, Lys-253 and Lys-254 under high glucose condition. Acetylation increases catalytic activity. Under glucose restriction SIRT1 levels dramatically increase and it deacetylates the enzyme.

Subcellular Location

Cytosol. Extracellular region or secreted. Nucleus.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P18669 Human

SwissProt: Q9DBJ1 Mouse

SwissProt: P25113 Rat

Synonyms