DNA topoisomerase 2-binding protein 1 (TOPBP1) is a scaffold protein that in humans is encoded by the TOPBP1 gene. TOPBP1 was first identified as a protein binding partner of DNA topoisomerase-IIβ by a yeast 2-hybrid screen, giving it its name. TOPBP1 is involved in a variety of nuclear specific events. These include DNA damage repair, DNA replication, transcriptional regulation, and cell cycle checkpoint activation. TOPBP1 primarily regulates the DNA damage repair response through its ability to activate the damage response kinase, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and RAD3-related (ATR). It also plays a critical role in DNA replication initiation and regulation of the cell cycle. Changes in TOPBP1 gene expression are associated with pulmonary hypertension, breast cancer, glioblastoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and sarcomas.
Background References
1. Zhao J et al. A PARylation-phosphorylation cascade promotes TOPBP1 loading and RPA-RAD51 exchange in homologous recombination. Mol Cell. 2022 Jul
2. De Marco Zompit M et al. The CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex safeguards chromosomal stability during mitosis. Nat Commun. 2022 Jul
Subcellular Location
Nucleus, Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, spindle pole, Chromosome.
Western blot analysis of TopBP1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-TopBP1 antibody (HA721626) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HeLa cell lysate Lane 2: HEK-293 cell lysate Lane 3: HCT 116 cell lysate Lane 4: Jurkat cell lysate Lane 5: K-562 cell lysate Lane 6: HUVEC cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 171 kDa Observed band size: 171 kDa
Exposure time: 3 minutes 10 seconds;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721626) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1:100,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
☑ Knockdown (KD)
Western blot analysis of TopBP1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-TopBP1 antibody (HA721626) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HEK-293-si NT cell lysate Lane 2: HEK-293-si TopBP1 cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 171 kDa Observed band size: 171 kDa
Exposure time: 58 seconds;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721626) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/100,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human testis tissue with Rabbit anti-TopBP1 antibody (HA721626) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) (high pressure) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA721626) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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