alpha Tubulin 4A Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JM73-24] (ET1705-31)

UNIPROT #

P68366

PROTEIN NAME

alpha Tubulin 4A

SYNONYMS

Alpha tubulin 1 antibody;Alpha-tubulin 1 antibody;FLJ30169 antibody;H2 alpha antibody;TBA4A_HUMAN antibody;Testis specific alpha tubulin antibody;Testis-specific alpha-tubulin antibody;TUBA 4A antibody;TUBA1 antibody;Tuba4a antibody;Tubulin alpha 1 (testis specific) antibody;Tubulin alpha 1 antibody;Tubulin alpha 1 chain antibody;Tubulin alpha 4a antibody;Tubulin alpha 4A chain antibody;Tubulin alpha-1 chain antibody;Tubulin alpha-4A chain antibody;Tubulin H2 alpha antibody;Tubulin H2-alpha antibody

SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES

Belongs to the tubulin family.

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold.; Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are monoglycylated but not polyglycylated due to the absence of functional TTLL10 in human. Monoglycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella). Both polyglutamylation and monoglycylation can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering glycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of monoglycylation is still unclear (Probable).; Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is located inside the microtubule lumen. This modification has been correlated with increased microtubule stability, intracellular transport and ciliary assembly.; Methylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is found in mitotic microtubules and is required for normal mitosis and cytokinesis contributing to genomic stability.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cytoskeleton.

FUNCTION

Tubulin alpha-4A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TUBA4A gene. Microtubules of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton perform essential and diverse functions and are composed of a heterodimer of alpha and beta tubulin. The genes encoding these microtubule constituents are part of the tubulin superfamily, which is composed of six distinct families. Genes from the alpha, beta and gamma tubulin families are found in all eukaryotes. The alpha and beta tubulins represent the major components of microtubules, while gamma tubulin plays a critical role in the nucleation of microtubule assembly. There are multiple alpha and beta tubulin genes and they are highly conserved among and between species. This gene encodes an alpha tubulin that is a highly conserved homolog of a rat testis-specific alpha tubulin.