This gene encodes a key acute phase plasma protein. Because of its increase due to acute inflammation, this protein is classified as an acute-phase reactant. The specific function of this protein has not yet been determined; however, it may be involved in aspects of immunosuppression. Functions as transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain. Also binds synthetic drugs and influences their distribution and availability in the body. Appears to function in modulating the activity of the immune system during the acute-phase reaction.
Background References
1. Fitos I et al. Selective binding of imatinib to the genetic variants of human alpha1-acid glycoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta 1760:1704-1712(2006).
2. Zsila F et al. The drug binding site of human alpha1-acid glycoprotein: insight from induced circular dichroism and electronic absorption spectra. Biochim Biophys Acta 1770:797-809(2007).
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma.
Post-translational Modification
N-glycosylated. N-glycan heterogeneity at Asn-33: Hex5HexNAc4 (minor), Hex6HexNAc5 (major) and dHex1Hex6HexNAc5 (minor).
Western blot analysis of Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein on different lysates with Mouse anti-Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein antibody (EM1510-42) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HepG2 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: HeLa cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 3: THP-1 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 4: HCT 116 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 5: 293T cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 6: NIH:OVCAR-3 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 7: Human liver tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 24 kDa Observed band size: 37/45 kDa
Exposure time: 1 minute 59 seconds;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (EM1510-42) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1006) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat liver tissue using anti-Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung cancer tissue using anti-Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human esophagus tissue using anti-Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
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