Apolipoprotein A1 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody

Function

Apolipoprotein AI (Apo-AI) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOA1 gene. As the major component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, it has a specific role in lipid metabolism. Apolipoprotein AI is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles in plasma. Chylomicrons secreted from the intestinal enterocyte also contain Apo-AI, but it is quickly transferred to HDL in the bloodstream. The protein, as a component of HDL particles, enables efflux of fat molecules by accepting fats from within cells (including macrophages within the walls of arteries which have become overloaded with ingested fats from oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles) for transport (in the water outside cells) elsewhere, including back to LDL particles or to the liver for excretion.

Background References

1. Xu X et al. Apolipoprotein A1-Related Proteins and Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Antiatherosclerosis Therapy: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives. Cardiovasc Ther. 2022 Jan

2. Maarfi F et al. A Study on Multiple Facets of Apolipoprotein A1 Milano. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2023 Jul

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.

Tissue Specificity

Major protein of plasma HDL, also found in chylomicrons. Synthesized in the liver and small intestine. The oxidized form at Met-110 and Met-136 is increased in individuals with increased risk for coronary artery disease, such as in carrier of the eNOSa/b genotype and exposure to cigarette smoking. It is also present in increased levels in aortic lesions relative to native ApoA-I and increased levels are seen with increasing severity of disease.

Post-translational Modification

Glycosylated.; Palmitoylated.; Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium.

Subcellular Location

Secreted.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P02647 Human

Synonyms