CD3 zeta Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Function

Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR-mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation of downstream signaling pathways. CD3Z ITAMs phosphorylation creates multiple docking sites for the protein kinase ZAP70 leading to ZAP70 phosphorylation and its conversion into a catalytically active enzyme. Plays an important role in intrathymic T-cell differentiation. Additionally, participates in the activity-dependent synapse formation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in both the retina and dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN).

Background References

1. Barber E K et al. The CD4 and CD8 antigens are coupled to a protein-tyrosine kinase (p56lck) that phosphorylates the CD3 complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:3277-3281 (1989).

2. Iwashima M et al. Sequential interactions of the TCR with two distinct cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases. Science 263:1136-1139 (1994).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the CD3Z/FCER1G family.

Tissue Specificity

CD3Z is expressed in normal lymphoid tissue and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Post-translational Modification

Phosphorylated on Tyr residues after T-cell receptor triggering by LCK in association with CD4/CD8.

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P20963 Human

Synonyms