Cytochrome C Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

Function

Cytochrome c is a well characterized mobile electron transport protein that is essential to energy conversion in all aerobic organisms. In mammalian cells, this highly conserved protein is normally localized to the mitochondrial intermembrane space. More recent studies have identifed cytosolic cytochrome c as a factor necessary for activation of apoptosis. During apoptosis, cytochrome c is translocated from the mitochondrial membrane to the cytosol, where it is required for activation of caspase-3 (CPP32). Overexpression of Bcl-2 has been shown to prevent the translocation of cytochrome c, thereby blocking the apoptotic process. Overexpression of Bax has been shown to induce the release of cytochrome c and to induce cell death. The release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria is thought to trigger an apoptotic cascade, whereby Apaf-1 binds to Apaf-3 (caspase-9) in a cytochrome c-dependent manner, leading to caspase-9 cleavage of caspase-3.

Background References

1. Liu, J. et al. 2015. Tumor-targeting novel manganese complex induces ROS-mediated apoptotic and autophagic cancer cell death. International journal of molecular medicine. 35: 607-16.

2. Anuka, E. et al. 2013. Infarct-induced steroidogenic acute regulatory protein: a survival role in cardiac fibroblasts. Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.). 27: 1502-17.

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the cytochrome c family.

Post-translational Modification

Binds 1 heme group per subunit.; Phosphorylation at Tyr-49 and Tyr-98 both reduce by half the turnover in the reaction with cytochrome c oxidase, down-regulating mitochondrial respiration.

Subcellular Location

Mitochondrion intermembrane space

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P99999 Human

SwissProt: P62897 Mouse

SwissProt: P62898 Rat

Synonyms

CYC antibody

CYC_HUMAN antibody

CYCS antibody

Cytochrome c antibody

Cytochrome c somatic antibody

HCS antibody

THC4 antibody