Type I keratin involved in the formation and maintenance of various skin appendages, specifically in determining shape and orientation of hair (By similarity). Required for the correct growth of hair follicles, in particular for the persistence of the anagen (growth) state (By similarity). Modulates the function of TNF-alpha in the specific context of hair cycling. Regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth through binding to the adapter protein SFN and by stimulating Akt/mTOR pathway (By similarity). Involved in tissue repair. May be a marker of basal cell differentiation in complex epithelia and therefore indicative of a certain type of epithelial "stem cells". Acts as a promoter of epithelial proliferation by acting a regulator of immune response in skin: promotes Th1/Th17-dominated immune environment contributing to the development of basaloid skin tumors (By similarity). May act as an autoantigen in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, with certain peptide regions being a major target for autoreactive T-cells and hence causing their proliferation.
Background References
1. Shen Z. et. al. HLA DR B1*04, *07-restricted epitopes on Keratin 17 for autoreactive T cells in psoriasis. J. Dermatol. Sci. 38:25-39(2005).
2. Shen Z. et. al. Altered keratin 17 peptide ligands inhibit in vitro proliferation of keratinocytes and T cells isolated from patients with psoriasis. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 54:992-1002(2006).
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the outer root sheath and medulla region of hair follicle specifically from eyebrow and beard, digital pulp, nail matrix and nail bed epithelium, mucosal stratified squamous epithelia and in basal cells of oral epithelium, palmoplantar epidermis and sweat and mammary glands. Also expressed in myoepithelium of prostate, basal layer of urinary bladder, cambial cells of sebaceous gland and in exocervix (at protein level).
Post-translational Modification
Phosphorylation at Ser-44 occurs in a growth- and stress-dependent fashion in skin keratinocytes, it has no effect on filament organization.
Western blot analysis of Cytokeratin 17 on different lysates with Mouse anti-Cytokeratin 17 antibody (EM1901-30) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HeLa (Human cervical adenocarcinoma cell) cell lysate Lane 2: A431 (Human epidermoid carcinoma skin squamous cell) cell lysate Lane 3: MCF7 (Human breast cancer cell) cell lysate (negative)
Lysates/proteins at 15 µg/Lane. Exposure time: 2 seconds; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: EM1901-30, 1/2,000 in primary antibody dilution buffer (K1803), overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Mouse IgG-HRP (HA1006), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 48.1 kDa Observed band size: 48.1 kDa
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human skin tissue using anti-Cytokeratin 17 antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (EM1901-30, 1/50) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma tissue with Mouse anti-Cytokeratin 17 antibody (EM1901-30) at 1/50 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (EM1901-30) at 1/50 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Flow cytometric analysis of Cytokeratin 17 was done on SiHa cells. The cells were fixed, permeabilized and stained with the primary antibody (EM1901-30, 1/50) (red). After incubation of the primary antibody at room temperature for an hour, the cells were stained with a Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated Goat anti-Mouse IgG Secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes.Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
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