CXCR7 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [SN65-09]

Function

Atypical chemokine receptor 3 also known as C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR-7) and G-protein coupled receptor 159 (GPR159) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACKR3 gene. This protein was earlier thought to be a receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and was considered to be an orphan receptor. It is now classified as a chemokine receptor able to bind the chemokines CXCL12/SDF-1 and CXCL11. The protein is also a coreceptor for human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). Translocations involving this gene and HMGA2 on chromosome 12 have been observed in lipomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein isoform have been found for this gene. Whereas some reports claim that the receptor induces signaling following ligand binding, recent findings in zebrafish suggest that CXCR7 functions primarily by sequestering the chemokine CXCL12.

Background References

1. Melo Rde C et al. CXCR7 is highly expressed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and potentiates CXCR4 response to CXCL12. PLoS One 9:e85926 (2014).

2. Roy I et al. CXCL12 chemokine expression suppresses human pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis. PLoS One 9:e90400 (2014).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Atypical chemokine receptor subfamily.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in monocytes, basophils, B-cells, umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and B-lymphoblastoid cells. Lower expression detected in CD4+ T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells. In the brain, detected in endothelial cells and capillaries, and in mature neurons of the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Expressed in tubular formation in the kidney. Highly expressed in astroglial tumor endothelial, microglial and glioma cells. Expressed at low levels in normal CD34+ progenitor cells, but at very high levels in several myeloid malignant cell lines. Expressed in breast carcinomas but not in normal breast tissue (at protein level).

Post-translational Modification

The Ser/Thr residues in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail may be phosphorylated.; Ubiquitinated at the Lys residues in its C-terminal cytoplasmic tail and is essential for correct trafficking from and to the cell membrane. Deubiquitinated by CXCL12-stimulation in a reversible manner.

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane, Early endosome, Recycling endosome.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P25106 Human

SwissProt: P56485 Mouse

SwissProt: O89039 Rat

Synonyms