Estrogen Receptor beta Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JJ09-02]

Function

Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) also known as NR3A2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 2) is one of two main types of estrogen receptor—a nuclear receptor which is activated by the sex hormone estrogen.[5] In humans ERβ is encoded by the ESR2 gene. ERβ is a member of the family of estrogen receptors and the superfamily of nuclear receptor transcription factors. The gene product contains an N-terminal DNA binding domain and C-terminal ligand binding domain and is localized to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. Upon binding to 17-β-estradiol, estriol or related ligands, the encoded protein forms homo-dimers or hetero-dimers with estrogen receptor α that interact with specific DNA sequences to activate transcription. Some isoforms dominantly inhibit the activity of other estrogen receptor family members. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been fully characterized. ERβ may inhibit cell proliferation and opposes the actions of ERα in reproductive tissue. ERβ may also have an important role in adaptive function of the lung during pregnancy. ERβ is a potent tumor suppressor and plays a crucial role in many cancer types such as prostate cancer and ovarian cancer.

Background References

1. Chow SK et al. Mechanical stimulation enhanced estrogen receptor expression and callus formation in diaphyseal long bone fracture healing in ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic rats. Osteoporos Int 27:2989-3000 (2016).

2. Liu C et al. Established atherosclerosis might be a prerequisite for chicory and its constituent protocatechuic acid to promote endothelium-dependent vasodilation in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 60:2141-2150 (2016).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR3 subfamily.

Tissue Specificity

Isoform 1 is expressed in testis and ovary, and at a lower level in heart, brain, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, spleen, thymus, prostate, colon, bone marrow, mammary gland and uterus. Also found in uterine bone, breast, and ovarian tumor cell lines, but not in colon and liver tumors. Isoform 2 is expressed in spleen, thymus, testis and ovary and at a lower level in skeletal muscle, prostate, colon, small intestine, leukocytes, bone marrow, mammary gland and uterus. Isoform 4 is found in testis. Isoform 5 is expressed in testis, and at a lower level in spleen, thymus, ovary, mammary gland and uterus. Isoform 6 is expressed in testis, placenta, skeletal muscle, spleen and leukocytes, and at a lower level in heart, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, thymus, prostate, colon, small intestine, bone marrow, mammary gland and uterus. Not expressed in brain.

Post-translational Modification

Phosphorylation at Ser-87 and Ser-105 recruits NCOA1.

Subcellular Location

Nucleus.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: Q92731 Human

Synonyms