Kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5), formerly known as stratum corneum tryptic enzyme (SCTE), is a serine protease expressed in the epidermis. In humans it is encoded by the KLK5 gene. This gene is one of the fifteen kallikrein subfamily members located in a cluster on chromosome 19. Its expression is up-regulated by estrogens and progestins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein. KLK5 has been suggested to regulate cell shedding (desquamation) in conjunction with KLK7 and KLK14, given its ability to degrade proteins which form the extracellular component of cell junctions in the stratum corneum. It is proposed that KLK5 regulates this process since it is able to self-activate in addition to activating KLK7 and KLK14. Kallikreins are a subgroup of serine proteases having diverse physiological functions. Growing evidence suggests that many kallikreins are implicated in carcinogenesis and some have potential as novel cancer and other disease biomarkers.
Background References
1. Kasparek P. et. al. KLK5 and KLK7 Ablation Fully Rescues Lethality of Netherton Syndrome-Like Phenotype. PLoS Genet. 2017 Jan.
2. Pampalakis G. et. al. KLK5, a novel potential suppressor of vaginal carcinogenesis. Biol Chem. 2018 Sep.
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in skin, breast, brain and testis. Expressed at the stratum granulosum of palmar skin.
Immunocytochemistry analysis of MCF-7 cells labeling Kallikrein 5 with Rabbit anti-Kallikrein 5 antibody (ET7110-90) at 1/50 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes at 37 ℃, permeabilized with 0.05% Triton X-100 in PBS for 20 minutes, and then blocked with 2% negative goat serum for 30 minutes at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-Kallikrein 5 antibody (ET7110-90) at 1/50 dilution in 2% negative goat serum overnight at 4 ℃.Alexa Fluor®488 Goat anti-Rabbit IgG was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Flow cytometric analysis of Kallikrein 5 was done on A431 cells. The cells were fixed, permeabilized and stained with the primary antibody (ET7110-90, 1/50) (red). After incubation of the primary antibody at room temperature for an hour, the cells were stained with a Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution for 30 minutes.Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
Western blot analysis of Kallikrein 5 on MCF7 cell lysate with Rabbit anti-Kallikrein 5 antibody (ET7110-90) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane. Exposure time: 1 minute; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: ET7110-90, 1/2,000 in primary antibody dilution buffer (K1803), overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Rabbit IgG-HRP (HA1001), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 32 kDa Observed band size: 40 kDa
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