The Ras superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins are critical mediators of diverse cell signaling pathways, including those leading to proliferation, cytoskeletal organization and secretion. The counter-conversion of the active GTP-bound form of these proteins to their inactive GDP-bound form is influenced by two types of regulatory proteins: those that alter the intrinsic GTPase activity of the GTP-binding proteins and those that alter the rate of GDP/GTP exchange. Guanine nucleotide-releasing factors (GRFs) increase the GDP dissociation rate, while GDP-dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) decrease the dissociation rate. The Rho GDI subfamily is composed of Rho GDIα, Ly-GDI (also known as Rho GDIβ and previously known as GDI/D4) and Rho GDIγ. The Rho GDI proteins interact with and have varying affinities for several Ras-like GTP binding proteins, including Rho A, Rho B, Rac and Cdc42. Ly-GDI is expressed only in hematopoietic cells, predominantly in B and T lymphocyte cell lines.
Background References
1. Senev Aet. al. Antibodies Against ARHGDIB and ARHGDIB Gene Expression Associate With Kidney Allograft Outcome. Transplantation. 2020 Jul
2. Zhu Jet. al. ATG7 Promotes Bladder Cancer Invasion via Autophagy-Mediated Increased ARHGDIB mRNA Stability. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2019 Feb
Western blot analysis of D4 GDI on different lysates with Rabbit anti-D4 GDI antibody (HA500217) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: A549-WT cell lysate Lane 2: A549-KD D4 GDI cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 23 kDa Observed band size: 25 kDa
Exposure time: 11 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA500217) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 2% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of D4 GDI on different lysates with Rabbit anti-D4 GDI antibody (HA500217) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: Raji cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: RAW264.7 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 3: Mouse spleen tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 4: Rat spleen tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 23 kDa Observed band size: 25 kDa
Exposure time: 13 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA500217) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunocytochemistry analysis of Raji cells labeling D4 GDI with Rabbit anti-D4 GDI antibody (HA500217) at 1/250 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-D4 GDI antibody (HA500217) at 1/250 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (HA601187, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
Flow cytometric analysis of Raji cells labeling D4 GDI.
Cells were fixed and permeabilized. Then stained with the primary antibody (HA500217, 1/1,000) (red) compared with Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (green). After incubation of the primary antibody at +4℃ for an hour, the cells were stained with a iFluor™ 488 conjugate-Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody (HA1121) at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes at +4℃. Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
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