Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 (HAVCR2), also known as T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HAVCR2 (TIM-3)gene. HAVCR2 was first described in 2002 as a cell surface molecule expressed on IFNγ producing CD4+ Th1 and CD8+ Tc1 cells. Later, the expression was detected in Th17 cells, regulatory T-cells, and innate immune cells (dendritic cells, NK cells, monocytes, macrophages). HAVCR2 receptor is a regulator of the immune response.
Background References
1. Kandel S et al. The TIM3/Gal9 signaling pathway: An emerging target for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Lett. 2021 Jul
2. Palacios LM et al. TIM3 Expression in Anaplastic-Thyroid-Cancer-Infiltrating Macrophages: An Emerging Immunotherapeutic Target. Biology (Basel). 2022 Nov
Western blot analysis of TIM 3 on different lysates with Mouse anti-TIM 3 antibody (HA601442) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: RPMI 8226 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: HT-29 cell lysate (negative) (20 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 33 kDa Observed band size: 55 kDa Exposure time: 59 seconds; ECL: K1802; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA601442) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1006) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
☑ Relative expression (RE)
Immunocytochemistry analysis of RPMI 8226 (positive) and HT-29 (negative) labeling TIM 3 with Mouse anti-TIM 3 antibody (HA601442) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Mouse anti-TIM 3 antibody (HA601442) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1125) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
beta Tubulin (ET1602-4, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1122) were used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
☑ Relative expression (RE)
Flow cytometric analysis of HT-29 (left, negative) and RPMI 8226 (right, positive) cells labeling TIM 3.
Cells were washed twice with cold PBS and resuspend. Then stained with the primary antibody (HA601442, 1/1,000) (red) compared with Mouse IgG Isotype Control (green). After incubation of the primary antibody at +4℃ for an hour, the cells were stained with a iFluor™ 488 conjugate-Goat anti-Mouse IgG Secondary antibody (HA1125) at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes at +4℃. Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
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