Transcriptional repressor which binds neuron-restrictive silencer element (NRSE) and represses neuronal gene transcription in non-neuronal cells. Restricts the expression of neuronal genes by associating with two distinct corepressors, SIN3A and RCOR1, which in turn recruit histone deacetylase to the promoters of REST-regulated genes. Mediates repression by recruiting the BHC complex at RE1/NRSE sites which acts by deacetylating and demethylating specific sites on histones, thereby acting as a chromatin modifier. Transcriptional repression by REST-CDYL via the recruitment of histone methyltransferase EHMT2 may be important in transformation suppression. Represses the expression of SRRM4 in non-neural cells to prevent the activation of neural-specific splicing events and to prevent production of REST isoform 3. Repressor activity may be inhibited by forming heterodimers with isoform 3, thereby preventing binding to NRSE or binding to corepressors and leading to derepression of target genes. Also maintains repression of neuronal genes in neural stem cells, and allows transcription and differentiation into neurons by dissociation from RE1/NRSE sites of target genes. Thereby is involved in maintaining the quiescent state of adult neural stem cells and preventing premature differentiation into mature neurons.
Background References
1. Li H. et. al. The deficiency of NRSF/REST enhances the pro-inflammatory function of astrocytes in a model of Parkinson\'s disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2020 Jan
2. Zhao Y. et. al. Brain REST/NRSF Is Not Only a Silent Repressor but Also an Active Protector. Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Jan
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human thyroid tissue using anti-REST antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) (high pressure) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA720081, 1/400) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human seminoma tissue using anti-REST antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) (high pressure) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA720081, 1/400) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
ICC staining of REST in SH-SY5Y cells (green). Formalin fixed cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in TBS for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with 10% negative goat serum for 15 minutes at room temperature. Cells were probed with the primary antibody (HA720081, 1/200) for 1 hour at room temperature, washed with PBS. Alexa Fluor®488 conjugate-Goat anti-Rabbit IgG was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue).
Western blot analysis of REST on different lysates with Rabbit anti-REST antibody (HA720081) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HL-60 (Human leukemia cell) cell lysate Lane 2: HUVEC (Human umbilical vein endothelial cell) cell lysate
Exposure time: 120 seconds; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: HA720081, 1/1,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti- Rabbit IgG-HRP (HA1001), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 122 kDa Observed band size: 150 kDa
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