Coenzyme A (CoA) functions as a carrier of acetyl and acyl groups in cells and thus plays an important role in numerous synthetic and degradative metabolic pathways in all organisms. In eukaryotes, CoA and its derivatives are also involved in membrane trafficking and signal transduction. This gene encodes the bifunctional protein coenzyme A synthase (CoAsy) which carries out the last two steps in the biosynthesis of CoA from pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). The phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase domain of this bifunctional protein catalyzes the conversion of 4'-phosphopantetheine into dephospho-coenzyme A (dpCoA) while its dephospho-CoA kinase domain completes the final step by phosphorylating dpCoA to form CoA. Mutations in this gene are associated with neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). Alternative splicing results in multiple isoforms. Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the fourth and fifth sequential steps of CoA biosynthetic pathway. The fourth reaction is catalyzed by the phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase, coded by the coaD domain; the fifth reaction is catalyzed by the dephospho-CoA kinase, coded by the coaE domain. May act as a point of CoA biosynthesis regulation.
Background References
1. Ferrandon S. et. al. CoA Synthase (COASY) Mediates Radiation Resistance via PI3K Signaling in Rectal Cancer. Cancer Res. 2020 Jan
2. Kharabsheh HA. et. al. CoAsy knockdown in TNBC cell lines resulted in no overt effect on cell proliferation in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020
Western blot analysis of COASY on different lysates with Rabbit anti-COASY antibody (HA721128) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HAP1-parental cell lysate Lane 2: HAP1-COASY KD cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 62 kDa Observed band size: 62 kDa
Exposure time: 120 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721128) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in K1803 at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of COASY on different lysates with Rabbit anti-COASY antibody (HA721128) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HepG2 cell lysate Lane 2: HeLa cell lysate Lane 3: A431 cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 62 kDa Observed band size: 62 kDa
Exposure time: 25 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721128) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunocytochemistry analysis of HepG2 cells labeling COASY with Rabbit anti-COASY antibody (HA721128) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-COASY antibody (HA721128) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Counterstained with Mitotracker. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Flow cytometric analysis of HepG2 cells labeling COASY.
Cells were fixed and permeabilized. Then stained with the primary antibody (HA721128, 1/1,000) (red) compared with Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (green). After incubation of the primary antibody at +4℃ for an hour, the cells were stained with a iFluor™ 488 conjugate-Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody (HA1121) at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes at +4℃. Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
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