Homeobox protein OTX1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OTX1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the bicoid sub-family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors. The encoded protein acts as a transcription factor and may play a role in brain and sensory organ development. The Otx gene is active in the region of the first gill arch, which is related to the upper and lower jaw and two of the bones of the ear. A similar protein in mice is required for proper brain and sensory organ development and can cause epilepsy. Homeobox protein OTX2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OTX2 gene. This gene encodes a member of the bicoid sub-family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors. The encoded protein acts as a transcription factor and play a role in brain and sensory organ development. A similar protein in mice is required for proper forebrain development. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. Other alternative splice variants may exist, but their full length sequences have not been determined.
Background References
1. Zhou L et al. OTX1 promotes tumorigenesis and progression of cervical cancer by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. Oncol Rep. 2022 Nov
2. Ibad RT et al. OTX2 stimulates adult retinal ganglion cell regeneration. Neural Regen Res. 2022 Mar
Western blot analysis of Otx1 + Otx2 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Otx1 + Otx2 antibody (HA721705) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: 293T transfected with FLAG-tagged empty control cell lysate Lane 2: 293T transfected with FLAG-tagged Otx2 cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 30 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 32 kDa Observed band size: 32 kDa
Exposure time: 24 seconds;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721705) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/100,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat eye tissue with Rabbit anti-Otx1 + Otx2 antibody (HA721705) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) (high pressure) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA721705) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
☑ Cell treatment (CT)
Immunocytochemistry analysis of 293T overexpress with or without Otx2 cells labeling Otx1 + Otx2 with Rabbit anti-Otx1 + Otx2 antibody (HA721705) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-Otx1 + Otx2 antibody (HA721705) at 1/1,000 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (M1305-2, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
☑ Cell treatment (CT)
Flow cytometric analysis of 293T overexpress with or without Otx2 cells labeling Otx1 + Otx2.
Cells were fixed and permeabilized. Then stained with the primary antibody (HA721705, 1μg/mL) (red) compared with Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (green). After incubation of the primary antibody at +4℃ for an hour, the cells were stained with a iFluor™ 488 conjugate-Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody (HA1121) at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes at +4℃. Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
Western blot analysis of Otx1 + Otx2 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Otx1 + Otx2 antibody (HA721705) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: Human Otx2 recombinant protein, 50ng/Lane Lane 2: Human CRX recombinant protein, 50ng/Lane Lane 3: Human Otx1 recombinant protein, 50ng/Lane
Exposure time: 5 seconds;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721705) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1:50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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