Tuberin is a product of the TSC2 tumor suppressor gene and an important regulator of cell proliferation and tumor development. Mutations in either TSC2 or the related TSC1 (hamartin) gene cause tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by development of multiple, widespread non-malignant tumors. Tuberin is directly phosphorylated at Thr1462 by Akt/PKB. Phosphorylation at Thr1462 and Tyr1571 regulates tuberin-hamartin complexes and tuberin activity. In addition, tuberin inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which promotes inhibition of p70 S6 kinase, activation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1, an inhibitor of translation initiation), and eventual inhibition of translation. Tuberin is phosphorylated on Ser939 and Thr1462 in response to PI3K activation and that the human TSC complex is a direct biochemical target of the PI3K/Akt pathway. This data complements Drosophila genetics studies suggesting the possible involvement of the tuberin-hamartin complex in the PI3K/Akt mediated insulin pathway.
Background References
1. Huang Q et al. Loss of TSC1/TSC2 sensitizes immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Adv. 2022 Feb
2. Alesi N et al. TSC2 regulates lysosome biogenesis via a non-canonical RAGC and TFEB-dependent mechanism. Nat Commun. 2021 Jul
Western blot analysis of Phospho-Tuberin (S939) on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Phospho-Tuberin (S939) antibody (HA721762) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: SH-SY5Y cell lysate Lane 2: SH-SY5Y treated with 200nM Calyculin A and 1μM Okadaic Acid for 1 hour cell lysate Lane 3: SH-SY5Y treated with 200nM Calyculin A and 1μM Okadaic Acid for 1 hour, then treated with λpp for 1 hour cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 201 kDa Observed band size: 250 kDa
Exposure time: 3 minutes;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721762) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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