The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. TrxRs are selenocysteine-containing flavoenzymes, which reduce thioredoxins, as well as other substrates, and play a key role in redox homoeostasis. This gene encodes a mitochondrial form important for scavenging reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. It functions as a homodimer containing FAD, and selenocysteine (Sec) at the active site. Sec is encoded by UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms, including a few localized in the cytosol and some lacking the C-terminal Sec residue, have been found for this gene.
Background References
1. Aboobakar IF et al. Mitochondrial TXNRD2 and ME3 Genetic Risk Scores Are Associated with Specific Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Phenotypes. Ophthalmology. 2023 Jul
2. Kondkar AA et al. Lack of Association Between Polymorphisms in TXNRD2 and LMX1B and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in a Saudi Cohort. Front Genet. 2021 Aug
Western blot analysis of TXNRD2 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-TXNRD2 antibody (HA721807) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HEK-293 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: HeLa cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 3: A431 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 4: K-562 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 5: Mouse heart tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 6: Rat heart tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 7: Mouse liver tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 8: Rat liver tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 9: Human kidney tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 10: Mouse kidney tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane) Lane 11: Rat kidney tissue lysate (40 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 57 kDa Observed band size: 57 kDa
Exposure time: 30 seconds; ECL: K1802;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA721807) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate tissue with Rabbit anti-TXNRD2 antibody (HA721807) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA721807) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.