Phospho-GluR1 (AMPA subtype) (S831) Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JE44-96]

Function

Glutamate receptors mediate most excitatory neurotransmission in the brain and play an important role in neural plasticity, neural development and neurodegeneration. Ionotropic glutamate receptors are categorized into NMDA receptors and kainate/AMPA receptors, both of which contain glutamate-gated, cation-specific ion channels. Kainate/AMPA receptors are co-localized with NMDA receptors in many synapses and consist of seven structurally related subunits designated GluR-1 to -7. The kainate/AMPA receptors are primarily responsible for the fast excitatory neuro-transmission by glutamate whereas the NMDA receptors are functionally characterized by a slow kinetic and a high permeability for Ca2+ ions. The NMDA receptors consist of five subunits: epsilion 1, 2, 3, 4 and one zeta subunit. The zeta subunit is expressed throughout the brainstem whereas the four epsilon subunits display limited distribution.

Background References

1. He XY et al. GluA1 signal peptide determines the spatial assembly of heteromeric AMPA receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113:E5645-54 (2016).

2. Han M & Kim J Effect of dietary iron loading on recognition memory in growing rats. PLoS One 10:e0120609 (2015).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIA1 subfamily.

Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed in brain.

Post-translational Modification

Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-603 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-829 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis (By similarity).; Phosphorylated at Ser-645. Phosphorylated at Ser-710 by PKC. Phosphorylated at Ser-849 by PKC, PKA and CAMK2. Phosphorylated at Ser-863 by PKC, PKA and PRKG2 (By similarity). Phosphorylation of Ser-863 is reduced by induction of long-term depression and increased by induction of long-term potentiation (By similarity).

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane, Endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Cell junction, Cell projection.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P42261 Human

SwissProt: P23818 Mouse

SwissProt: P19490 Rat

Synonyms