Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activation of PER2.
Background References
1. Louria-Hayon I et al. The promyelocytic leukemia protein protects p53 from Mdm2-mediated inhibition and degradation. J Biol Chem 278:33134-33141 (2003).
2. An W et al. Ordered cooperative functions of PRMT1, p300, and CARM1 in transcriptional activation by p53. Cell 117:735-748 (2004).
Subcellular Location
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm in most cells. In some cells, forms foci in the nucleus that are different from nucleoli.
Western blot analysis of p53 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-p53 antibody (HA722074) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: RAW264.7 cell lysate Lane 2: Neuro-2a cell lysate Lane 3: NIH/3T3 cell lysate Lane 4: NIH/3T3 treated with 0.5μM doxorubicincell for 24 hours cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 53 kDa Observed band size: 53 kDa
Exposure time: 3 minutes 20 seconds;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA722074) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
☑ Cell treatment (CT)
Immunocytochemistry analysis of NIH/3T3 cells treated with 0.5μM doxorubicin for 20 hours labeling p53 with Rabbit anti-p53 antibody (HA722074) at 1/200 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-p53 antibody (HA722074) at 1/200 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (M1305-2, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
☑ Cell treatment (CT)
p53 was immunoprecipitated in 0.2mg NIH/3T3 treated with 0.5μM doxorubicincell for 24 hours cell lysate with HA722074 at 2 µg/10 µl beads. Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using HA722074 at 1/1,000 dilution. Anti-Rabbit IgG for IP Nano-secondary antibody (NBI01H) at 1/5,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Lane 1: NIH/3T3 treated with 0.5μM doxorubicincell for 24 hours cell lysate (input) Lane 2: HA722074 IP in NIH/3T3 treated with 0.5μM doxorubicincell for 24 hours cell lysate Lane 3: Rabbit IgG instead of HA722074 in NIH/3T3 treated with 0.5μM doxorubicincell for 24 hours cell lysate