NELF-B Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JE77-56]

Function

In molecular biology, the NELF (negative elongation factor) is a four-subunit protein complex (NELF-A, NELF-B, NELF-C/NELF-D, and NELF-E) that negatively impacts transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) by pausing about 20-60 nucleotides downstream from the transcription start site (TSS). NELF is located in the nucleus. NELF binds in a stable complex with DSIF (5,6-dichloro-1-β-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB)-sensitivity inducing factor) and RNA polymerase II together, but not with either alone. Due to its role in transcription, NELF is also a key player in the negative function of DSIF. NELF also works with DSIF to inhibit the speed of Pol II during the elongation phase in transcription. In D. melanogaster, the HSP70 gene is affected by NELF and DSIF through the induction of promoter proximal pausing. It is thought that NELF arose to assist DSIF by amplifying its negative effects in order to increase gene expression control. P-TEFb (positive transcription elongation factor b) inhibits the effect of NELF and DSIF on Pol II elongation, via its phosphorylation of serine-2 of the C-terminal domain of Pol II, and the SPT5 subunit of DSIF, causing dissociation of NELF.

Background References

1. Pan H et al. An essential signaling function of cytoplasmic NELFB is independent of RNA polymerase II pausing. J Biol Chem. 2023 Nov

2. Awah CU et al. NSUN6, an RNA methyltransferase of 5-mC controls glioblastoma response to temozolomide (TMZ) via NELFB and RPS6KB2 interaction. Cancer Biol Ther. 2021 Dec

Subcellular Location

Nucleus.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: Q8WX92 Human

SwissProt: Q8C4Y3 Mouse

Entrez Gene: 311796 Rat

Synonyms