This gene encodes an endo/exonuclease with 5'-3' exonuclease activity. The encoded enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester linkages at the 5' end of a nucleic acid chain. This enzyme is localized to the mitochondria and may play a role in programmed cell death. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. A pseudogene exists on chromosome 18.
Background References
1. Szymanski MR et al. Human EXOG Possesses Strong AP Hydrolysis Activity: Implication on Mitochondrial DNA Base Excision Repair. J Am Chem Soc. 2022 Dec
2. Xiao J et al. PGC-1 Mediated-EXOG, a Specific Repair Enzyme for Mitochondrial DNA, Plays an Essential Role in the Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity of PC12 Cells. J Mol Neurosci. 2021 Nov
Western blot analysis of ENDOGL1 / ENGL on different lysates with Rabbit anti-ENDOGL1 / ENGL antibody (HA722356) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HeLa cell lysate Lane 2: HepG2 cell lysate Lane 3: HUVEC cell lysate Lane 4: HL-60 cell lysate Lane 5: MCF7 cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 41 kDa Observed band size: 41 kDa
Exposure time: 1 minute 50 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA722356) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human heart tissue with Rabbit anti-ENDOGL1 / ENGL antibody (HA722356) at 1/1,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA722356) at 1/1,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
ENDOGL1 / ENGL was immunoprecipitated from 0.2 mg HUVEC cell lysate with HA722356 at 2 µg/10 µl beads. Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using HA722356 at 1/1,000 dilution. HRP Conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG for IP Nano-secondary antibody at 1/5,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Lane 1: HUVEC cell lysate (input) Lane 2: HA722356 IP in HUVEC cell lysate Lane 3: Rabbit IgG instead of HA722356 in HUVEC cell lysate