Biotin Conjugated Human TNF-beta Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [PS01-19]

Function

Tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LTA gene. Belonging to the hematopoietic cell line, LT-α exhibits anti-proliferative activity and causes the cellular destruction of tumor cell lines. As a cytotoxic protein, LT-α performs a variety of important roles in immune regulation depending on the form that it is secreted as. Unlike other members of the TNF superfamily, LT-α is only found as a soluble homotrimer, when found at the cell surface it is found only as a heterotrimer with LTβ. LT-α has a significant impact on the maintenance of the immune system including the development of secondary lymphoid organs. Absence of LT-α leads to the disruption of gastrointestinal development, prevents Peyer's patch development, and results in a disorganized spleen. As a signaling molecule, LT-α is involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. LT-α plays an important role in innate immune regulation and its presence has been shown to prevent tumor growth and destroy cancerous cell lines. In contrast, unregulated expression of LT-α can result in a constantly active signaling pathway, thus leading to uncontrolled cellular growth and creation of tumors. Hence depending on the context, LT-α may function to prevent growth of cancer cells or facilitate the development of tumors. Furthermore, LT-α effects depend on the type of organ it acts upon, type of cancer cells, cellular environment, gender, and time of effect during an immune response.

Background References

1. Fernandes MT, Dejardin E, dos Santos NR (April 2016). "Context-dependent roles for lymphotoxin-β receptor signaling in cancer development". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer. 1865 (2): 204–19.

2. Bauer J, Namineni S, Reisinger F, Zöller J, Yuan D, Heikenwälder M (2012-01-01). "Lymphotoxin, NF-ĸB, and cancer: the dark side of cytokines". Digestive Diseases. 30 (5): 453–68.

Subcellular Location

Membrane, Secreted

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P01374 Human

Synonyms