Presenilin-2 is a protein that (in humans) is encoded by the PSEN2 gene. Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1; PSEN2) or the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor, such that they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity or themselves are protease enzymes. Two alternative transcripts of PSEN2 have been identified. In melanocytic cells PSEN2 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.
Background References
1. Pizzo P et al. Presenilin-2 and Calcium Handling: Molecules, Organelles, Cells and Brain Networks. Cells. 2020 Sep
2. Yoo SS et al. Presenilin-2 knock-In mice show severe depressive behavior via DVL3 downregulation. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2024 Feb
Western blot analysis of Presenilin 2 / AD5 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Presenilin 2 / AD5 antibody (HA723300) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HeLa cell lysate (no heat) Lane 2: SH-SY5Y cell lysate (no heat) Lane 3: RAW264.7 cell lysate (no heat) Lane 4: Neuro-2a cell lysate (no heat) Lane 5: PC-12 cell lysate (no heat)
Notice: no heat means the lysate is not boiled.
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 50 kDa Observed band size: 23 kDa
Exposure time: Lane 1-4: 3 minutes; Lane 3: 1 minutes; ECL: K1802;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA723300) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunocytochemistry analysis of PC-12 cells labeling Presenilin 2 / AD5 with Rabbit anti-Presenilin 2 / AD5 antibody (HA723300) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-Presenilin 2 / AD5 antibody (HA723300) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (HA601187, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
Cells were fixed and permeabilized. Then stained with the primary antibody (HA723300, 1/1,000) (red) compared with Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (green). After incubation of the primary antibody at +4℃ for an hour, the cells were stained with a iFluor™ 488 conjugate-Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody (HA1121) at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes at +4℃. Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
Presenilin 2 / AD5 was immunoprecipitated from 0.2 mg SH-SY5Y cell lysate with HA723300 at 2 µg/10 µl beads. Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using HA723300 at 1/1,000 dilution. Mouse anti Rabbit IgG heavy chain (Fc) secondary antibody (M1003-7) at 1/10,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Lane 1: SH-SY5Y cell lysate (input) Lane 2: HA723300 IP in SH-SY5Y cell lysate Lane 3: Rabbit IgG instead of HA723300 in SH-SY5Y cell lysate