Granzyme A Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [PSH14-39]

Function

Abundant protease in the cytosolic granules of cytotoxic T-cells and NK-cells which activates caspase-independent pyroptosis when delivered into the target cell through the immunological synapse. Once delivered into the target cell, acts by catalyzing cleavage of gasdermin-B (GSDMB), releasing the pore-forming moiety of GSDMB, thereby triggering pyroptosis and target cell death. Cleaves the nucleosome assembly protein SET after 'Lys-189', which disrupts its nucleosome assembly activity and allows the SET complex to translocate into the nucleus to nick and degrade the DNA. Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells share the remarkable ability to recognize, bind, and lyse specific target cells. They are thought to protect their host by lysing cells bearing on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein described here is a T cell- and natural killer cell-specific serine protease that may function as a common component necessary for lysis of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells.

Background References

1. Zhou Z., He H., Wang K., Shi X., Wang Y., Su Y., Wang Y., Li D., Liu W., Zhang Y., Shen L., Han W., Shen L., Ding J., Shao F. Granzyme A from cytotoxic lymphocytes cleaves GSDMB to trigger pyroptosis in target cells. Science 368:0-0 (2020)

2. Oltra S.S., Colomo S., Sin L., Perez-Lopez M., Lazaro S., Molina-Crespo A., Choi K.H. Distinct GSDMB protein isoforms and protease cleavage processes differentially control pyroptotic cell death and mitochondrial damage in cancer cells. Cell Death Differ. 30:1366-1381 (2023)

Subcellular Location

Secreted.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P12544 Human

Synonyms