Members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family play a key regulatory role in a variety of cellular functions including cell growth and differentiation, gene expression, hormone secretion and membrane function. PKCs were originally identified as serine/threonine protein kinases whose activity was dependent on calcium and phospholipids. Diacylglycerols (DAG) and tumor-promoting phorbol esters bind to and activate PKC. PKCs can be subdivided into many different isoforms (α, βI, βII, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η, θ, λ/ι, μ and ν). Patterns of expression for each PKC isoform differ among tissues and PKC family members exhibit clear differences in their cofactor dependencies. For instance, the kinase activities of PKC δ and ε are independent of Ca2+. On the other hand, most of the other PKC members possess phorbol ester-binding activities and kinase activities.
Background References
1. Ghashghaeinia M et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), human erythrocytes and the PKC-alpha/-beta inhibitor chelerythrine -possible therapeutic implication. Cell Cycle. 2020 Dec
Western blot analysis of Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) antibody (HA723796) at 1/25,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HEK-293 cell lysate Lane 2: HeLa cell lysate Lane 3: C6 cell lysate Lane 4: Mouse brain tissue lysate Lane 5: Rat brain tissue lysate Lane 6: NIH/3T3 cell lysate Lane 7: NIH/3T3 starved overnight then treated with 200nM TPA for 4 hours cell lysate Lane 8: NIH/3T3 starved overnight then treated with 200nM TPA for 4 hours cell lysate, then the membrane treated with λpp for 1 hour
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 77 kDa Observed band size: 77 kDa
Exposure time: 14 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA723796) at 1/25,000 dilution was used in primary antibody dilution (K1803) at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Dot blot analysis of Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) on different peptides with Rabbit anti-Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) antibody (HA723796) at 1/5,000 dilution. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature.
Lane 1: Phospho-PKC alpha (T638) peptide (positive) Lane 2: Phospho-PKC beta II (T641) peptide (positive) Lane 3: Phospho-PKC beta I (T642) peptide (negative) Lane 4: Unmodified PKC alpha peptide (negative)
Immunocytochemistry analysis of HeLa cells untreated / treated with λpp labeling Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) with Rabbit anti-Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) antibody (HA723796) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) antibody (HA723796) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (HA601187, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
☑ Cell treatment (CT)
Immunocytochemistry analysis of NIH/3T3 cells untreated / treated with λpp labeling Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) with Rabbit anti-Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) antibody (HA723796) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) antibody (HA723796) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (HA601187, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
☑ Cell treatment (CT)
Immunocytochemistry analysis of C6 cells untreated / treated with λpp labeling Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) with Rabbit anti-Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) antibody (HA723796) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-Phospho-PKC alpha/beta II (T638/T641) antibody (HA723796) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (HA601187, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
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