Granzyme K (GzmK) is a serine protease that sits in the dense-core granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells. While its gene neighbors encode granzymes A–C, GzmK stands out by lacking the N-linked glycosylation motifs that decorate most family members; this minimalist design keeps it stable at the low pH of the granule and allows it to emerge in an immediately active form once perforin has punched entry holes in a target cell. Inside the cytosol, GzmK bypasses the canonical caspase cascade: it clips Bid to tBid, nicks the anti-apoptotic SET complex, and generates single-stranded DNA nicks that push the cell into a swift form of death intermediate between apoptosis and necrosis. In addition, any GzmK that leaks into the extracellular space can process pro-IL-1β and activate PAR-2 on macrophages and endothelial cells, turning a private hit into a broader inflammatory alert.
Background References
1. Jonsson AH et al. Granzyme K+ CD8 T cells form a core population in inflamed human tissue. Sci Transl Med. 2022 Jun
2. Guo CL et al. Granzyme K+CD8+ T cells interact with fibroblasts to promote neutrophilic inflammation in nasal polyps. Nat Commun. 2024 Nov
Western blot analysis of Granzyme K on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Granzyme K antibody (HA723826) at 1/5,000 dilution.
Lane 1: NK-92 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: HeLa cell lysate (negative) (20 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 29 kDa Observed band size: 27 kDa
Exposure time: 10 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA723826) at 1/5,000 dilution was used in primary antibody dilution (K1803) at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human NK/T lymphoma tissue with Rabbit anti-Granzyme K antibody (HA723826) at 1/1,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA723826) at 1/1,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
☑ Relative expression (RE)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human pancreas tissue (negative) with Rabbit anti-Granzyme K antibody (HA723826) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA723826) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Application: IF-Tissue
Species: Human
Site: NK/T lymphoma
Sample: Paraffin-embedded section
Antibody concentration: 1/500
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