Protein-arginine deiminase type-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PADI2 gene. This gene encodes a member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase family of enzymes, which catalyze the post-translational deimination of proteins by converting arginine residues into citrullines in the presence of calcium ions. The family members have distinct substrate specificities and tissue-specific expression patterns. The type II enzyme is the most widely expressed family member. Known substrates for this enzyme include myelin basic protein in the central nervous system and vimentin in skeletal muscle and macrophages. This enzyme is thought to play a role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative human disorders, including Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis, and it has also been implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis. This gene exists in a cluster with four other paralogous genes.
Background References
1. Yu X et al. Loss of PADI2 and PADI4 ameliorates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by suppressing NLRP3+ macrophages. JCI Insight. 2024 Nov
2. Mou Z et al. Icaritin inhibits the progression of urothelial cancer by suppressing PADI2-mediated neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Sep
Western blot analysis of PADI2 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-PADI2 antibody (HA723969) at 1/5,000 dilution.
Lane 1: PANC-1 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 2: SK-Br-3 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane) Lane 3: MCF7 cell lysate (low expression) (20 µg/Lane) Lane 4: HT-29 cell lysate (20 µg/Lane)
Predicted band size: 76 kDa Observed band size: 75 kDa
Exposure time: Lane 1-2: 6 seconds; Lane 3-5: 3 minutes; ECL: K1801; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (HA723969) at 1/5,000 dilution was used in primary antibody dilution (K1803) at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue with Rabbit anti-PADI2 antibody (HA723969) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA723969) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon tissue with Rabbit anti-PADI2 antibody (HA723969) at 1/1,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA723969) at 1/1,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
PADI2 was immunoprecipitated from 0.2 mg PANC-1 cell lysate with HA723969 at 2 µg/10 µl beads. Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using HA723969 at 1/5,000 dilution. HRP Conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG for IP Nano-secondary antibody at 1/5,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Lane 1: PANC-1 cell lysate (input) Lane 2: HA723969 IP in PANC-1 cell lysate Lane 3: Rabbit IgG instead of HA723969 in PANC-1 cell lysate