The green fluorescent protein (GFP) was originally identified as a protein involved in the bioluminescence of the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. GFP cDNA produces a fluorescent product when expressed in prokaryotic cells, without the need for exogenous substrates or cofactors, making GFP a useful tool for monitoring gene expression and protein localization in vivo. Several GFP mutants have been developed, including EGFP, which fluoresce more intensely than the wildtype GFP and have shifted excitation maxima, making them useful for FACS and fluorescence microscopy as well as double-labeling applications. GFP is widely used in expression vectors as a fusion protein tag, allowing expression and monitoring of heterologous proteins fused to GFP.
Background References
1. Yu, H. et al. 2016. AAV-Mediated Gene Transfer to Dorsal Root Ganglion. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.). 1382: 251-61.
2. Yamaoka, M. et al. 2016. PI3K regulates endocytosis after insulin secretion by mediating signaling crosstalk between Arf6 and Rab27a. J. Cell. Sci. 129: 637-49.
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the GFP family.
Tissue Specificity
Photocytes.
Post-translational Modification
Contains a chromophore consisting of modified amino acid residues. The chromophore is formed by autocatalytic backbone condensation between Ser-65 and Gly-67, and oxidation of Tyr-66 to didehydrotyrosine. Maturation of the chromophore requires nothing other than molecular oxygen.
mIHC analysis of GFP-FLK transgenic zebrafish brain blood vessels (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) with Rabbit anti-GFP antibody (IRS091) at 1/100 dilution. The immunostaining was performed with the IRISKitCmTSA Kit (900808). Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 30 mins at 95℃. DAPI (blue) was used as a nuclear counter stain. Image acquisition was performed with Olympus VS200 Slide Scanner.
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