Gamma-enolase, also known as enolase 2 (ENO2) or neuron specific enolase (NSE), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ENO2 gene. Gamma-enolase is a phosphopyruvate hydratase. Gamma-enolase is one of the three enolase isoenzymes found in mammals. This isoenzyme, a homodimer, is found in mature neurons and cells of neuronal origin. A switch from alpha enolase to gamma enolase occurs in neural tissue during development in rats and primates.
Background References
1. Chang BS et al. Collagen complexes increase the efficiency of iPS cells generated using fibroblasts from adult mice. J Reprod Dev 61:145-53 (2015).
2. Sun Y et al. The expression and significance of neuronal iconic proteins in podocytes. PLoS One 9:e93999 (2014).
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the enolase family.
Tissue Specificity
The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons.
Immunocytochemistry analysis of SH-SY5Y cells labeling NSE with Rabbit anti-NSE antibody (HA720178F) at 1/50 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 100% methanol for 10 minutes, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes, and then blocked with 2% normal goat serum for 30 minutes at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-NSE antibody (HA720178F) at 1/50 dilution in 2% normal goat serum overnight at 4 ℃. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Flow cytometric analysis of SH-SY5Y cells labeling NSE.
Cells were fixed and permeabilized. Then incubated for 1 hour at +4℃ with NSE (HA720178F, red, 1ug/ml). Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
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