The protein encoded by this gene, antithrombin III, is a plasma protease inhibitor and a member of the serpin superfamily. This protein inhibits thrombin as well as other activated serine proteases of the coagulation system, and it regulates the blood coagulation cascade. The protein includes two functional domains: the heparin binding-domain at the N-terminus of the mature protein, and the reactive site domain at the C-terminus. The inhibitory activity is enhanced by the presence of heparin. Numerous mutations have been identified for this gene, many of which are known to cause antithrombin-III deficiency which constitutes a strong risk factor for thrombosis. A reduction in the serum level of this protein is associated with severe cases of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19).
Background References
1. Sungurlu S et al. Role of Antithrombin III and Tissue Factor Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Sepsis. Crit Care Clin. 2020 Apr
2. Farrell DH et al. Antithrombin III Levels and Outcomes Among Patients With Trauma. JAMA Netw Open. 2024 Aug
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the serpin family.
Tissue Specificity
Found in plasma.
Post-translational Modification
Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.
Western blot analysis of Antithrombin III / ATIII / SERPINC1 on human plasma lysate with Rabbit anti-Antithrombin III / ATIII / SERPINC1 antibody (ER1803-06) at 1/50,000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins at 40 µg/Lane. Exposure time: 10 seconds; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: ER1803-06, 1/50,000 in primary antibody dilution buffer (K1803), overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Rabbit IgG-HRP (HA1001), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 53 kDa Observed band size: 53 kDa
ICC staining SERPINC1 in H22 cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.
ICC staining SERPINC1 in HepG2 cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat kidney tissue using anti-SERPINC1 antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human liver tissue using anti-SERPINC1 antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human small intestine tissue using anti-SERPINC1 antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
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