Glutathione Peroxidase 1 Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [JJ092-07]

Function

Glutathione peroxidase 1, also known as GPx1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX1 gene on chromosome 3.This gene encodes a member of the glutathione peroxidase family. Glutathione peroxidase functions in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, and is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes in humans. GPX1 is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues, where it protects cells from oxidative stress. Within cells, it localizes to the cytoplasm and mitochondria. As a glutathione peroxidase, GPx1 functions in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, specifically by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water. The glutathione peroxidase also catalyzes the reduction of other organic hydroperoxides, such as lipid peroxides, to the corresponding alcohols.GPx1 typically uses glutathione (GSH) as the reductant, but when glutathione synthetase (GSS) is, as in brain mitochondria, γ-glutamylcysteine can serve as the reductant instead.[clarification needed][7] The protein encoded by this gene protects from CD95-induced apoptosis in cultured breast cancer cells and inhibits 5-lipoxygenase in blood cells, and its overexpression delays endothelial cell death and increases resistance to toxic challenges, especially oxidative stress.his protein is one of only a few proteins known in higher vertebrates to contain selenocysteine, which occurs at the active site of glutathione peroxidase and is coded by the nonsense (stop) codon TGA.

Background References

1. Crilly MJ et al. The role of Nrf2 in skeletal muscle contractile and mitochondrial function. J Appl Physiol (1985) 121:730-40 (2016).

2. Di Filippo C et al. Daily Oxygen/O3 Treatment Reduces Muscular Fatigue and Improves Cardiac Performance in Rats Subjected to Prolonged High Intensity Physical Exercise. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2015:190640 (2015).

Sequence Similarity

Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in platelets (at protein level).

Post-translational Modification

During periods of oxidative stress, Sec-49 may react with a superoxide radical, irreversibly lose hydroselenide and be converted to dehydroalanine.

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm.

UNIPROT

SwissProt: P07203 Human

SwissProt: P11352 Mouse

SwissProt: P04041 Rat

Synonyms