Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an IFN-γ inducible enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of the essential amino acid L-tryptophan to N-formylkynurenine. The gene encoding human IDO maps to chromosome 8p12-p11. IDO, also known as INDO, is an important modulator of immunological responses and protects allogeneic concepti from alloreactive maternal lymphocytes. IDO mediates an interesting inhibitory effect of HeLa cells co-cultured with human PBLs. The ILN-2-induced proliferation response of PBLs is diminished in the presence of HeLa cells while an IDO inhbitor negates this effect. Flow cytometric analysis indicates both mature and immature CD123-positive dentritic cells suppress T cell activity using IDO. IDO-transfected cells co-cultured with T cells reduces T cell proliferation. Additionally, adopted transfer of donor T cells reduces donor T cell numbers in IDO-transgenic mice. The pharmacological or genetic manipulation of IDO may be useful for supressing undesirable T cell response.
Background References
1. Fujiwara Y et al. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Treat Rev. 2022 Nov
2. Al-Zoubi RM et al. IDO and TDO inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, clinical development, and future directions. Front Pharmacol. 2025 Sep
Western blot analysis of IDO on different lysates with Mouse anti-IDO antibody (HA601632) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: A549 (Human lung adenocarcinoma cell) cell lysate
Lane 2: A549 treated with 50ng/mL lFN-gamma for 24 hours cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 15 µg/Lane.
Exposure time: 3 minutes; ECL: K1801
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Primary antibody: HA601632, 1/2,000 in primary antibody dilution buffer (K1803), overnight at 4 °C
Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Mouse IgG-HRP (HA1006), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 45 kDa
Observed band size: 45 kDa
Application: Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P)
Species: Human
Tissue: Tonsil
Sample: Paraffin-embedded section